Description
Like other manmade fibers, polyester fibers are produced using industrial methods. Thanks to their characteristics they are good substitutes for such natural fibers as cotton. They are produced by combining dimethyl terephthalate, monoethylene glycol or terephthalic acid (substitute for the dimethyl terephthalate raw materials) in the presence of good catalysts. Titanium dioxide is used to produce a semi-dull product. Also, in the production process prior to packaging, the fibers are submerged in finish (0.4%). For such physical characteristics as the diameter and fineness of filaments, polyester yarn production and supply is customized. The chief application of texturized polyester yarn is filament-weft or circular yarns. The advantages of polyester yarn are:
- Shortened production process (compared to spun yarn)
- Increased production and
- Facilitated production process.
The following are some of the characteristics of this product:
Elongation | Tenacity | Draw-in | Filament | Type | Dtex | Product |
% | gr/dtex | Force | No | gr/10000m | Units | |
Min 140 | Min 1.9 | 50±۴ | ۲۰ | POY | 180±۳ | ۱۸۰ Dtex |
Min 140 | Min 1.9 | 55±۴ | ۳۴ | POY | 180±۲٫۵ | ۱۸۰ Detex |
Min 140 | Min 1.9 | 70±۴ | ۴۸ | POY | 180±۲٫۵ | ۱۸۰ Detex |
Min 140 | Min 1.9 | 90±۶ | ۳۴ | POY | 280±۳ | ۲۸۰ Detex |
Min 140 | Min 1.9 | 80±۶ | ۴۸ | POY | 280±۳ | ۲۸۰ Detex |
Picture 1 Polyester Factory Overall View
Production Process and Packaging
“Polyester” applies to a group of polymers where one group of esters lies in the main polymer chain. Although there are many polyesters, generally by polyester is meant polyethylene terephthalate (PET), the outcome of a chemical process with three reactors including dimethyl terephthalate and ethylene glycol (EG).
Picture 2 Control Room, Polymerizer Area
The polyester polymer produced in the Polymerizer Area is conveyed to the spinning machines where, using the metering pumps at the Spinning Area, it is further passed through packs to convert to filaments which are then sprayed with finish and supplied on 10-kg bobbins using bobbin winders. Finally, it is packed in 18 and 21-bobbin cartons.
Picture 3 Chimney Wing and Yarn Spin Finisher Area
Picture 4 Winders
Picture 5 Bobbins stored for quality control and packaging at the Inspection Room
Standards and Testing Methods Observed
National Iranian Standard 6007
World Production History: Produce Companies or Countries
For the first time in 1941 a group of UK scientists produced polyester fibers terming it “terylene”. In 1946 E. I. Du Pont and De Nemour introduced another variant of fibers derived from polyester and labeled it “Dacron”. Among others, companies producing polyester are BASF and ZIMMER.